The heat conduction is realized in three ways: the heat convection, the heat conduction and the heat radiation. The 3 ways can cause different effects in mano-aerogel to retard the heat conduction.

    The heat radiation waves in aerogel are scattered continually by the interfaces between the slender nanometer frames and the pores. As the pores in the aerogel are nanometer ones and the porosity is very high, there are innumerable scattering centers, which limit the free range of radiation. As a result, the heat radiation of aerogel is at the lowest limit.

    The heat conduction is mainly done along th slender nanometer frames of 3D network structure whic forms the aerogel. As the frames are very thin(~Inm) an the structure has prolonged the path of heat convection, th heat conduction of aerogel is at the lowest limit.

    As the theoretical research shows, when the size of the pores in the aerogel is less than 70mm, the air molecules lose their ability of free flow due to the interaction between the air and the slender nanometer frames. Instead, they attach themselves to the slender nanometer frames to some extent, and as a result the heat convection of aerogel is extremely low.